Conjunctions
Activity 1
In pairs, read the dialogue below. Note the highlighted words.
Mark | Good morning, Victor. | |
Victor | Good morning, Mark. I came to visit you on Saturday but you were not at home. | |
Mark | Oh! Sorry about that. I forgot to tell you that our games teacher took us hiking to Ngong Hills. I wish you were there. We had a lot of fun. | |
Victor | Tell me about it. I have never gone hiking. | ![]() |
Mark | We were very excited. We started off by jogging but soon we started walking up the hill. We were tired for it was very hot. Some of us almost gave up but our teacher kept urging us to continue. | |
Victor | How did you feel when you got to the top of the hill? | |
Mark | I was tired but was also happy that I made it. How did you spend your day? | |
Victor | When I came and did not find you, I decided to go swimming since that is what I enjoy doing for leisure. | |
Mark | That is a good way of spending your free time. I would like to learn how to swim because it is a great way to relax. Will you teach me? | |
Victor | I can ask my elder sister to teach you. | |
Mark | I will be grateful. Thank you very much. |
The highlighted words in the conversation are used to join words or parts of sentences.
Activity 2
Work in pairs. Make correct sentences from the table below. The first one has been done for you.
For example:
They have been fishing the whole day but they have not caught a single fish.
Conjunctions | ||
They have been fishing the whole day | but or yet because since also and | John were told to behave well in the future. |
We have not visited this park | they have not caught a single fish. | |
We should use our talents well | we did not have enough time. | |
Juma has been learning how to skate | they can be a source of income. | |
Not only is David a good basketball player but he is | he cannot balance himself well. | |
Is the farmer doing market gardening | good in golf. | |
Omondi, Hassan | large scale farming? |
- Sophie likes jogging skating does not like diving.
- Kirimi is clearly tired he insists on cycling till dusk.
- You cannot watch that programme on the television you have not completed your homework.
- The children did not only visit the park but they took part in other events.
- Would you like to go out for a picnic will you remain indoors?
Groupwork
Activity 4
- Work in groups of four. Make sentences using the following joining words and write them on a chart: but, or, yet, because, since, and, also.
- Display the charts on the walls of your classroom. Walk around, reading the sentences from other groups. Tell them whether their sentences are correct or not.
Homework
Identify joining words used in newspaper articles and tell your siblings how they are used.
Writing
Creative Writing: Descriptive Composition
Activity 1
- Read the story below, paying attention to the different parts of a composition.
The Bicycle Wheel
A bicycle has many parts which work together to enable it to move. The wheels are an important part of the bicycle. We all know that a bicycle has two wheels but did you know that the two wheels are the reason it is called a bicycle? “Bi” means two. The wheels are made of a round metallic rim on which a rubber tire is fitted. The wheels of a bicycle have spokes. These are thin metal rods that are attached to the rim and run to the centre. The spokes can vary in number. Some bicycles have 28, 32 or 36 spokes on each wheel. In other bicycles, the front wheel has fewer spokes than the back one. Why do bicycle wheels have spokes? Though they are thin metal rods, the spokes are the ones that give wheels strength to support the weight that a bicycle carries. |
- In pairs, talk about the parts of a bicycle wheel described in this paragraph.

Activity 2
- Work in pairs. Talk about how each of you spends leisure time.
- Work together and write a paragraph about spending leisure time.
- Exchange your work with another pair and suggest corrections to the paragraph.
Activity 3
Write a composition with the title “My Pet”. Your composition should be about 120 – 160 words long. Read your compositions to the class and talk about how you can make them better.
Homework
- Work with your family members and describe people or things at home.
- Write your descriptions and share them with your classmates in school.
- Ask someone at home to describe things or events. Help them to improve their descriptions.
Unit Summary
Find Out
Read from the Internet how to describe things or people.
Relax and Enjoy
Teacher | It is clear that you have not studied Geography. What is your excuse? |
Pupil | Well, my dad says the world is changing every day. So I decided to wait until it settles down. |